自适应模糊PID在营养液制备系统中的研究与应用

Research and Application of Adaptive Fuzzy PID in Nutrient Solution Preparation System

针对水肥一体化设备营养液制备系统的非线性、时变性、时滞性、精准性等问题,设计出了自适应模糊PID (FPID)营养液制备系统控制器。通过营养液制备原理与工程应用条件,建立营养液制备过程控制系统模型,基于此模型搭建自适应模糊PID控制技术应用下营养液制备系统仿真及种植试验平台,设置PID控制对比仿真试验。试验结果表明,自适应模糊PID控制相较于PID控制,超调量降低53%,响应时间减少270 s,能够有效解决营养液制备系统存在的非线性、时变性、时滞性、精准性问题。为验证应用效果优越性,设置CK组(人工种植)、PID组(PID控制)、FPID组(自适应模糊PID控制)对比种植试验,并以CK组为基准参照组(节水率、节肥率均为0%)。其结果表明,FPID组节水率为22.62%,节肥率为15.01%,PID组节水率为17.53%,节肥率为11.69%;净光合作用效率检测验证控制效果表明,自适应模糊PID控制>PID控制>人工种植。证明自适应模糊PID (FPID)控制方法具备较好的应用优越性。

A self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller has been developed to tackle the challenges posed by nonlinearity,time variability,time delays,and precision issues within the context of the nutrient solution preparation system in the integrated water-fertilizer equipment.This study established a control system model based on the principle of nutrient solution preparation and engineering application conditions.Based on this model,the Nutrient Solution Preparation System Platform is constructed under adaptive fuzzy PID control technology.The comparison experiment with traditional PID control showed that compared to traditional PID control,adaptive fuzzy PID control reduced overshoot by 53%and response time by 270 s,which effectively solved the problems of nonlinearity,time variability,time delays,and precision issues in nutrient solution preparation systems.To verify the superiority of the application effect,the CK group(Artificial planting),PID group(Traditional PID control),and FPID group(Adaptive Fuzzy PID control)were set up for comparative planting experiments,the CK group serves as the benchmark reference group(with 0%water and fertilizer conservation rates).The results showed that the water saving rate of FPID group is 22.62%,and the fertilizer saving rate is 15.01%,and the water saving rate of PID group is 17.53%,and the fertilizer saving rate is 11.69%;Verification and control effect of net photosynthesis efficiency detection:the adaptive fuzzy PID control>the PID control>the manual cultivation,which proved that the control method in this paper has good application superiority.