职业性噪声聋患者影响因素研究

A Study on Influencing Factors of Occupational Noise Deafness in Patients

目的对影响职业性噪声聋(ONID)的因素予以研究。方法收集2013年至2022年疑似ONID就诊的224例人员的一般资料,根据诊断标准,分为ONID组和无ONID组,采用χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析方法进行统计分析,探讨ONID发生的影响因素。结果224例疑似ONID就诊的人员中,确诊181例,占比80.80%,43例排除ONID,占比19.20%;通过对比无ONID组、ONID组一般资料,发现两组人员在年龄、性别、企业规模、企业类型、工龄方面存在差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在噪声接触情况、行业分布方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),再将上述存在差异指标带入多因素Logistic回归分析中,结果显示,企业类型、性别、工龄、年龄、企业规模均是影响ONID发生的独立危险因素。结论年龄、性别、企业规模、企业类型、工龄是ONID发生的影响因素,在今后职业病预防中应予以重视。

Objective The factors influencing occupational noise deafness(ONID)were studied.Methods The general data of 224 patients suspected to have ONID were collected from 2013 to 2022.According to the diagnostic criteria,they were divided into ONID group and non-ONID group.χ^(2)test and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis to explore the influencing factors of ONID occurrence.Results Among 224 patients with suspected ONID,181 cases were confirmed,accounting for 80.80%,and 43 cases were excluded,accounting for 19.20%.By comparing the general data of the non-ONID group and the ONID group,it was found that the two groups had differences in age,gender,enterprise scale,enterprise type and seniority,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of noise exposure and industry distribution,there was no statistical significance between the two groups(P>0.05).Then,the above difference indicators were brought into the multivariate Logistic regression analysis,and the results showed that enterprise type,gender,seniority,and enterprise scale were all independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of ONID.Conclusion Age,gender,enterprise scale,enterprise type and seniority are the factors affecting the occurrence of ONID,which should be paid attention to in future occupational disease prevention.