把学还给教:比斯塔的教学观意蕴

Returning Learning to Teaching:Implications of Biesta's View of Teaching

由于后现代主义、市场经济政策导向、建构主义学习理论以及社会中成人学习热潮等原因,教育语言被学习语言所取代,导致学习异化的教育现象产生,在削弱教师传统权威的同时将学生推到教学的唯一中心位置,改变教学与学习、教师与学生的正常关系。为解决学习异化的问题,欧洲知名教育学者格特·比斯塔提出把学还给教的观点,即教学是学生获得知识的必要途径,教师是学生获得真理的必要引导者,重塑教学和教师在教育中的重要性。比斯塔发出重新发现教学的倡议,希望能将教学视为一种不期而遇的相逢,一场不确定的冒险教育过程。他积极建议从空间的创生、时间的生成和世界的开启三个维度,重构教学的本真意蕴,还教学原有的魅力。

As a result of postmodernism,market economy policy orientation and constructivist learning theories,and the adult learning boom in society,the language of education has been replaced by the language of learning,leading to the emergence of the educational phenomenon of learning alienation,which has weakened the traditional authority of the teacher while pushing the student into the only central position in teaching and learning,and has changed the normal relationship between teaching and learning,and between the teacher and the student.In order to solve the problem of alienation of learning,Gert Biesta,a well-known European education scholar,put forward the idea of returning learning to teaching,that is,teaching is a necessary way for students to acquire knowledge,and the teacher is a necessary guide for students to obtain the truth,and to reshape the importance of teaching and teachers in education.Biesta launched an initiative to revive the discovery of teaching and learning in the hope that it can be seen as an unanticipated meeting,an uncertain and adventurous educational process.He actively proposes to reconstruct the true meaning of teaching and return it to its original charm in three dimensions:the creation of space,the generation of time and the opening of the world.