融合与开放:日本国立大学国际通识教育建构研究

Integration and Openness:Research on the Construction of International General Education at Japanese National Universities

2020年教育部颁发《新文科建设宣言》,2023年习近平总书记强调增强中国教育国际影响力和话语权,二者为基于融合开放的高校教育改革提供了新的理念共识。而国际通识教育作为专业交叉融合、国际化人才培养的重要载体和路径,已成为回应全球挑战、赋能现代教育的重要手段。近年来,日本国立大学推进专业整合和知识通融,重视人才开放和国际化战略,并结合二者落实到国际通识教育实体建设,从提高学生的国际知识理解力、思辨表达能力、态度能力入手,在设立专门机构和重点基地、规范课程矩阵、设置特色研究项目、推进海内外留学派遣事业等方面取得了明显成效,但也存在不同主体间诉求错位、课程设计过于细分、模块衔接流于形式等问题,对正在构建中国特色人才培养体系、提速中国教育走出去的通识教育国际化战略规划具有一定的参考作用。

In 2020,the Ministry of Education issued the"Declaration on the Construction of New Liberal Arts"and in 2023 President Xi Jinping stressed enhancing China's international influence and voice in education,which provide a conceptual consensus and objective basis for college education reform based on integration and openness.International General Education is not only an important carrier and path for the cross-integration of majors and cultivation of international talents,but also a means of responding to global challenges and empowering modern education.Recently,Japanese National Universities promote professional integration and knowledge integration,attach importance to the strategy of talent opening and internationalization strategy,combine the two into the construction of international general education substantiation.By improving graduate students'international knowledge understanding,critical expression ability and attitude ability,the international general education in these universities has achieved remarkable results in terms of establishing specialized institutions and key bases,standardizing course matrix,setting up featured research projects,promoting study abroad and overseas dispatch;there are also problems such as misalignment of demands between different subjects,subdivided course design,formal transition between course modules.It has certain reference value for the development of China's distinctive talent cultivation system and the acceleration of internationalization strategies in Chinese education.