基于综合评价模型的生态保护建设研究

Study on ecological protection construction based on comprehensive evaluation model

通过塞罕坝林场建立前后的环境数据,给出环境评价指标并建立基于熵权法的TOPSIS环境状况综合评价模型,研究了塞罕坝林场生态保护区的建设对当地及其周边环境改善做出的突出贡献,并采用定量评价模型分析了其在北京抵御沙尘暴中的作用。然后,为了更准确的说明塞罕坝林场建设的重要性,又建立了基于层次分析法的TOPSIS环境状况综合评价模型,模拟结果显示两模型的结论一致。为了研究全国生态状况,收集了31个省市自治区的环境相关数据,并通过主成分分析法建立环境指标评价体系,对各地区环境状况进行赋分,在通过典型地区的环境状况设定阈值,得分低于阈值的地区需要建立生态保护区。最后,为了给需要建立生态保护区的地区提出更合理的建设方案,我们还考虑了该地区的经济水平和土地面积情况,并通过定量对比的方式给出各生态保护区的建设面积及其对国家碳中和的影响。

Based on the environmental data before and after the establishment of Saihanba Forest Farm,the environmental evaluation index was given and the comprehensive evaluation model of TOPSIS environmental status based on entropy weight method was established.The outstanding contribution of the construction of the ecological protection zone of Saihanba Forest Farm to the improvement of the local and surrounding environment was studied,and the quantitative evaluation model was used to analyze its role in Beijing s resistance to dust storms.Then,in order to explain more accurately the importance of the construction of Saihanba Forest Farm,a TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation model of environmental conditions based on analytic hierarchy process was established.The simulation results show that the conclusions of the two models are consistent.In order to study the ecological situation in China,the environmental data of thirty-one provinces were collected,and the environmental index evaluation system was established by principal component analysis.The environmental conditions of each province were scored,and the threshold was set through the environmental conditions of typical areas.The provinces with scores below the threshold need to establish ecological protection areas.Finally,in order to put forward a more reasonable construction plan for provinces that need to establish ecological protection zones,the economic level and land area of the province should be considered,and the construction area of each ecological protection zone and its impact on national carbon neutrality are given by quantitative comparison.