内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区女性对人乳头瘤病毒及疫苗相关知识的认知度调查和影响因素分析

Survey on knowledge of human papilloma virus and vaccine among women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia and the influencing factors analysis

目的探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区女性对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)及HPV疫苗相关知识的认知情况,调查知识来源途径,同时了解HPV疫苗接种情况,分析HPV相关知识认知程度及HPV疫苗接种情况的影响因素。方法随机选取276例内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区女性,采用问卷调查的方式收集基本资料、HPV及HPV疫苗认知情况、知识获取途径、HPV疫苗接种情况,对结果进行描述性分析,采用Logistic回归模型分析HPV相关知识认知情况及HPV疫苗接种情况的影响因素。结果共计回收276份有效问卷,回收率为100%,通过筛查最终纳入229份问卷,其中认知程度较差者占40.6%。关于HPV及HPV疫苗认知问题回答正确率较低,大部分调查对象对于HPV及HPV疫苗仅为初步认知。学历、家庭人均年收入、婚姻状态、既往宫颈癌筛查史均是女性对HPV及HPV疫苗认知情况的影响因素(P﹤0.05)。177例(77.3%)调查对象未接种过HPV疫苗,二价、四价、九价HPV疫苗接种率普遍偏低。年龄、既往宫颈癌筛查史均是女性HPV疫苗接种情况的影响因素(P﹤0.05)。获取HPV及HPV疫苗相关知识的主要途径为网络与医师。结论内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区女性对于HPV及HPV疫苗认知严重不足,亟待进一步提高。需着重向学历较低、已婚、家庭人均年收入较低、从未接受过宫颈癌筛查的女性加大知识普及力度,可依托于网络及医师进行一系列知识宣讲活动,提高其知识水平,从而提高HPV疫苗接种率。

Objective To explore the knowledge of human papilloma virus(HPV)and HPV vaccine among women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia,investigate the knowledge acquisition channels,understand the HPV vaccination status,and analyze the factors influencing HPV knowledge and HPV vaccination.Method A total of 276 women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia were randomly seleted,the basic information,knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine,knowledge acquisition channels,and HPV vaccination were collected by questionnaire,and the results were analyzed descriptively,the influencing factors for HPV knowledge and HPV vaccination were analyzed by Logistic regression model.Result A total of 276 valid questionnaires were collected,with a recovery rate of 100%,and 229 questionnaires were finally included through screening,the percentage of those with poor knowledge was 40.6%.The correct answer rate of HPV and HPV vaccine-related questions was low,and most of the respondents only had preliminary knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine.Education,annual per capita household income,marital status,and previous history of cervical cancer screening were factors influencing the awareness level of HPV and HPV vaccine in women(P<0.05).A total of 177 cases(77.3%)had not been vaccinated with HPV vaccine,and the vaccination rate was generally low for both bivalent,quadrivalent,and nine-valent HPV vaccines.Age and previous history of cervical cancer screening were factors influencing HPV vaccination in women(P<0.05).The main ways to obtain HPV and HPV vaccine-related knowledge were through the network and doctors.Conclusion The knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine among women in Hulunbuir,Inner Mongolia is extremely low,which needs to be further improved.It is necessary to focus on increasing popularization of knowledge among women with lower education,married,lower per capita household income,and who have never received cervical cancer screening.A series of knowledge promotion activities can be carried out based on the network and doctors to improve the knowledge of women,so as to improve the HPV vaccination rate.