不同道路积沙程度下车辆制动距离研究

Study on Vehicle Braking Distance Under Different Road Sand Accumulation Degree

国家公路里程逐年增加,沙区道路里程同时增加,为研究道路积沙条件下车辆行驶状况,文章通过对道路路面进行铺沙来模拟道路积沙情况,并在铺沙路段进行实车制动试验。研究发现薄沙情况下车辆制动距离较无沙情况下增加98%~148%;中沙情况较下车辆制动距离较无沙情况下增加83%~111%;厚沙情况下车辆制动距离较无沙情况增加33%~48%。发现薄沙情况下路面的抗滑性能降低,制动距离显著增加。同时进行Carsim仿真模拟对比试验,对比发现实车制动试验与仿真试验结果误差较小。试验对比发现积沙情况下制动距离都较无沙情况有所增加,建议驾驶员遇积沙情况增加跟车距离,适当减缓车速,保证有充足的时间与距离进行紧急反映。

The mileage of national highways is increasing year by year,and the mileage of roads in sandy areas is also increasing.In order to study the driving conditions of vehicles under road sand accumulation conditions,this article simulates the road sand accumulation situation by paving sand on the road surface,and conducts a real vehicle braking test on the paved road section.It is found that the braking distance of vehicles in the case of thin sand is 98%~148%higher than that in the case of no sand;The braking distance of vehicles under medium sand condition is 83%~111%higher than that under no sand condition;The braking distance of vehicles under thick sand is 33%~48%more than that under no sand.It is found that the skid resistance of the pavement is reduced and the braking distance is significantly increased under the condition of thin sand.At the same time,Carsim simulation comparison test was carried out,and it was found that the error between the actual vehicle braking test and simulation test results was small.The test and comparison found that the braking distance in the case of sand accumulation is increased compared with that in the case of no sand.It is recommended that the driver increase the following distance in the case of sand accumulation,appropriately slow down the speed,and ensure sufficient time and distance for emergency response.