镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷的研究进展

Research Progress on Magnesium Aluminate Spinel Transparent Ceramic

镁铝尖晶石(MgAl2O4)作为先进的透明陶瓷材料,具有透过波段宽、透过率高、各向同性,高熔点、高硬度、高强度、高电阻率、高热导率、高抗热震,耐腐蚀和耐高温等优异性能,可广泛应用于红外制导窗口、高马赫航空器的整流罩、透明装甲和极端环境下的光电设备窗口等关系国防安全与高性能关键设备领域。本文简要介绍了镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷的基本性能和国内外研制情况,重点介绍中材人工晶体研究院有限公司三十余年在镁铝尖晶石高纯粉体合成、镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷成型烧结工艺和性能研究及应用开发方面所做工作,分析了材料研制中遇到的困难与在应用开发过程中面临的竞争和挑战,思考材料的研究方向、方法,并对其应用和发展予以展望。

Magnesium aluminate spinel,as an advanced transparent ceramic material,has excellent properties such as wide transmission band,high transmittance,isotropy,high hardness,high strength,high thermal conductivity,high thermal shock resistance,high corrosion resistance,and high-temperature stability.It can be widely applicated to the fields of national defense security and key high-performance equipment,such as infrared guidance windows,high Mach aircraft domes,transparent armor and photoelectronic equipment windows in extreme environments.In this paper,the basic properties and the development of magnesium aluminate spinel transparent ceramic are summarized,the research and development work of Sinoma Sythentic Crystal Co.,Ltd.over the last three decades are focused on,including high-purity spinel powder synthesis,magnesium aluminate spinel transparent ceramic forming and sintering process,the performance and application.The difficulties encountered in material development and the challenges faced in the application development are analyzed.Based on these,the research directions and methods are considered,its application and development are prospected.