一八二三年“门罗宣言”义理发凡——基于话语构造与观念结构的视角

An Interpretation of Monroe’s Message(1823)-From the Perspective of Discursive Formation and Conceptual Structure

1823年“门罗宣言”阐明和揭示了美国在空间与时间坐标中的身份,也是美国以自命的大国身份发布的“外交独立宣言”。作为美利坚民族主义言简意赅和富有弹性的表述,“宣言”内在蕴含着“空间-地理推理”与“理念-规范性推理”要素。此外,“宣言”通过“信条化”方式阐述的“不殖民(自决)”“我们与他者(认同)”以及“战争或武力作为防御机制(自卫)”等规范和律令,为美国历史上一系列重大外交政策行动奠定了意识形态基础。

In 1823,the Monroe Message clarified and revealed the identity of the United States in the space and time coordinates,and it was also the“diplomatic independence declaration”issued by the United States as a self-proclaimed great power.As a concise and elastic expression of American nationalism,the Message contains elements of“spatial-geographic reasoning”(realpolitik)and“normative reasoning”(idealism).In addition,the“Message”to elaborate“non-colonial”,“us and others”and“war or force as a defense mechanism”and other norms through the“Doctrinaire”way,laid the ideological foundation for a series of major foreign policy actions in the history of the United States.An in-depth analysis of the meaning,logical approach and conceptual structure of the text of the“Message”is helpful to rethink the fundamental significance of the United States as a liberal“ideal-type”political body and its internal relationship with the evolution of the modern international relations system.