产业扶持政策对民族地区易地搬迁移民生计策略选择的影响——以临夏州5县为例

TheImpact of Industrial Support Policies on the Choice of Livelihood Strategies for Relocated Migrantsin Ethnic Areas--A Case Study of 5 Counties in Linxia Prefecture

基于甘肃省临夏州5个县562份易地搬迁移民调研数据,采用熵值法测算移民生计资本,运用多元无序Logistic回归模型分析民族地区产业扶持政策对易地搬迁移民生计策略选择的影响因素。结果表明,产业扶持政策中参加非农技能培训、参与扶贫车间和获得公益性岗位的移民倾向于选择兼业型或非农型生计策略,拥有种养大棚的移民更倾向于选择纯农型或兼业型生计策略;民族地区生计资本值较低且发展不平衡,不同类型移民的生计资本值依次为兼业型>非农型>纯农型。我们提出,缩小生计资本差距,补齐短板;发展民族地区优势产业;加强后续产业基础设施建设等建议,从而不断提高移民可持续发展能力。

Based on the research data of 562 land relocation migrants in five counties of Linxia Prefecture,Gansu Province,the entropy value method was used to measure the migrants'livelihood capital,and a multivariate disordered logistic regression model was applied to analyze the influencing factors of the industrial support policy in ethnic areas on the choice of livelihood strategies of land relocation migrants.The results show that migrants who participate in non-agricultural skill training,participate in poverty alleviation workshops and obtain public welfare positions in industrial support policies tend to choose part-time or non-agricultural livelihood strategies,and migrants who own planting and rearing sheds are more inclined to choose purely agricultural or part-time livelihood strategies,value of the livelihood capital in the ethnic areas is low and unbalanced,and the value of livelihood capital of different types of migrants can be shorted as part-time>non-agricultural>purely agricultural in the order of part-time>non-agricultural>purely agricultural.Accordingly,it is proposed to narrow the gap in livelihood capital and make up for the shortcomings;develop industries with advantages in ethnic areas;and strengthen the construction of infrastructure for follow-up industries,so as to continuously improve the sustainable development capacity of migrants.