微胶囊型智能自愈复合材料的研究进展

Development of Microencapsulated Intelligent Self-Healing Composites

工程结构件在加工制造和服役过程中不可避免产生缺陷,采用智能自修复材料已成为提高构件服役寿命和可靠性的重要手段。文中介绍了微胶囊在各类复合材料中的应用现状,简述了微胶囊型智能自愈复合材料的力学性能和愈合效率评价指标的研究进展;分类阐述了微胶囊在复合材料中的触发机理,并分别基于理论分析、数值模拟和试验研究综述了微胶囊的自愈机理;最后分析了目前微胶囊相关研究存在的问题,展望了未来的发展趋势,为自愈复合材料的推广应用提供参考。

The engineering structural components have been widely used,while the defects emerged from manufacturing,processing and service are inevitable,therefore the employing of intelligent self-healing materials has become an essential way to improve the service life and reliability of the components.This study introduced the current state-of-the-art of the application of microcapsules in various composite materials,and the research progress of the mechanical properties and healing efficiency evaluation indexes of microcapsule-based intelligent self-healing composites were briefly described.Then,the triggering mechanism of microcapsules in composite was classified,and the self-healing mechanism of microcapsules was reviewed based on theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and experimental research respectively.Finally,the problems of the current research on microcapsules were analyzed and the future development trend was foreseen to provide reference for the promotion and application of self-healing composites.