一种基于聚类算法的ETX辅助无人机AODV路由协议

An ETX assisted unmanned aerial vehicle AODV routing protocol based on clustering algorithm

为了保证飞行自组网(flying ad hoc network,FANET)在拓扑快速变化下的稳定信息传输,在期望传输次数(expected transmission count,ETX)度量的无线自组网按需平面距离向量(ad hoc on-demand distant vector,AODV)路由协议基础上,提出了一种基于K-means聚类算法的K-AODV-ETX路由协议。协议采用到目的节点的跳数、错误传输次数、节点缓冲空间3个聚类特征对无人机节点进行分类,RREQ分组转发时选择最佳集群进行路由发现,最后采用ETX机制选择ETX值和最小路径进行数据传输。结果表明,K-AODV-ETX路由协议与现有的AODV-ETX路由协议和ND-AODV-ETX路由协议相比,能够有效保持网络的吞吐量,在端到端数据包投递率性能上稍有下降,在路由开销和时延性能方面有着显著的效果。K-AODV-ETX路由协议优化了路由发现过程的泛洪广播机制,有效改善了现有的ETX机制下协议的高开销、高延迟问题,并保证了网络的吞吐量,为设计低时延路由协议以及平衡ETX机制带来的高开销问题提供了一种有效的方法。

In order to ensure stable information transmission in flying ad hoc network(FANET)under rapid topology changes,based on the ad hoc on-demand distant vector(AODV)routing protocol with expected transmission count(ETX)metric,a K-means clustering algorithm based on K-AODV-ETX routing protocol was proposed.Three clustering features,hop count to destination node,number of error transmissions,and node buffer space were used in the protocol to classify UAV nodes,the best clusters for route discovery were selected when RREQ packet forwarding,and finally the ETX mechanism was used to select the path with the smallest ETX value and for data transmission.The results show that after NS3 simulation analysis,compared with the existing AODV-ETX routing protocol and ND-AODV-ETX routing protocol,K-AODV-ETX routing protocol is able to maintain the throughput of the network effectively,with a slight degradation in end-to-end packet delivery rate performance,and a significant effect in terms of routing overhead and delay performance.K-AODV-ETX routing protocol optimizes the route discovery process with the flood broadcast mechanism,which effectively improves the high overhead and high latency problems of the existing protocols under the ETX mechanism and ensures the throughput of the network.The research provides an effective method for designing low-latency routing protocols and balancing the high overhead problem brought by the ETX mechanism.