基于改进遗传算法的沥青路面再生工厂布局优化

Optimization of asphalt pavement recycling plant layout based on improved genetic algorithm

为了帮助沥青路面再生工厂获得更好的经济与环境效益,提出一种基于改进遗传算法的布局优化方法。首先,确定再生工厂布局的约束条件,并以非物流相关性最大、物料搬运成本最低和碳排放最少作为优化目标建立工厂布局优化模型;其次,基于初始布局方案,采用实数分层编码及排列组合方法对各功能区的初始位置进行交叉互换,并根据约束条件进行筛选,得到合适的初始种群;再次,针对横坐标层与纵坐标层进行算数交叉,变异时坐标层采用多点变异,放置方式层采用单点变异,并引入模拟退火算子;最后,以某再生工厂为例对改进算法进行验证。结果表明:改进后的遗传算法迭代次数较传统遗传算法减少34次,目标函数值较文献中遗传算法减小0.0099,提高了算法的寻优能力;优化后的方案每日物料搬运成本减少14468.85元,碳排放减少30.59 kg,验证了方法的有效性。研究中所提出的优化方法效率较高,可为沥青路面再生工厂的建设提供技术支持。

In order to help asphalt pavement recycling plant achieve better economic and environmental benefits,a layout optimization method based on improved genetic algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the constraints for the layout of the recycling factory were determined,and then a factory layout optimization model with the maximum non-logistics correlation,the lowest material handling cost,and the least carbon emissions as optimization objectives was established.Then,the initial positions of each functional area were crossed and exchanged by using real number layered coding and permutation and combination methods based on the initial layout scheme,a suitable initial population was obtained after filtering according to constraint conditions.The abscissa layer and ordinate layer were arithmetically crossed.When the variation occurs,the coordinate layer used multi-point variation,and simulated annealing operator was introduced.The placement method layer used single point variation.Finally,a regeneration factory was taken as an example for verification.The results show that the improved genetic algorithm reduces the number of iterations by 34 compared to traditional genetic algorithms,and the objective function value decreases by 0.0099 compared to genetic algorithms in the literature,improving the optimization ability of the algorithm.The optimized solution reduces the daily material handling cost by 14468.85 yuan and carbon emissions by 30.59 kg,verifying the effectiveness of the method.The optimization method proposed by the research has high efficiency and can provide technical support for the construction of asphalt pavement recycling plant.