本科护生死亡伦理认知及安宁疗护能力调查与对策

Investigation and Countermeasures on the Ethical Cognition of Death and the Ability of Hospice Care among Nursing Undergraduates

目的了解本科护生死亡伦理认知及安宁疗护能力状况,并分析其影响因素,为制订科学有效的护生安宁疗护能力培养方案提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法选取山东省某医学院校333名本科护生进行问卷调查。结果本科护生死亡伦理认知处于较高水平,安宁疗护能力处于中等水平。性别、生源地、母亲文化程度、家庭常住人口数、接受过安宁疗护及死亡教育、愿意成为安宁疗护专科护士是本科生安宁疗护能力的主要影响因素。结论应加强死亡伦理教育,重视安宁疗护专业人才培养,完善专科教育体系,优化培养方案,重视教师队伍建设,强化安宁疗护知识和技能培训,提升护生专业认同感和从业能力,为其将来从事相关临床护理工作打下坚实基础。

Objective To understand the ethical awareness of death and the ability of hospice care among nursing undergraduates,and analyze their influencing factors,in order to provide a basis for formulating a scientific and effective plan for cultivating the ability of hospice care among nursing students.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 33 nursing undergraduates from a medical college in Shandong Province for a questionnaire survey.Results nursing undergraduates have a high level of ethical understanding of death,and their ability to provide peaceful care is at a moderate level.Gender,place of origin,mother′s educational level,number of permanent residents in the family,experience in hospice care and death education,and willingness to become a specialized hospice nurse are the main influencing factors for undergraduate students′hospice care ability.Conclusion We should strengthen the education of death ethics,attach importance to the cultivation of professional Personnel in hospice care,improve the specialized education system,optimize the training plan,attach importance to the construction of the teaching team,strengthen the training of hospice care knowledge and skills,enhance the position identity and professional ability of nursing students,and lay a solid foundation for their future clinical nursing work related to nursing.