湖北省江陵县2023年羊布鲁氏菌病紧急流行病学调查

An Emergency Epidemiological Investigation on Sheep Brucellosis in Jiangling County,Hubei Province in 2023

2023年5月,湖北省江陵县畜牧兽医技术服务中心开展羊布鲁氏菌病(简称“布病”)日常监测,在该县普济镇邓某圣养羊场监测到阳性病畜,个体阳性率为10.6%(17/160),间隔34 d后再次检测,个体阳性率为96.6%(113/117)。为查明疫情起因,评估传播风险,采用现场调查、查阅资料和实验室检测等方式开展紧急流行病学调查,继而提出针对性防控建议。结果显示:该起疫情袭击率为81.3%(130/160),引进未经检疫的带菌动物可能是本次疫情的起因;病死羊、胎衣及粪便等处理不当可能是疫情传播的内在因素。经过科学处置,本次疫情未发生扩散,也未发生人间感染。疫情提示,应加大检疫监管与主动监测力度,强化布病防治宣传教育,尽快出台违规免疫相关处罚细则,有效降低布病发生和传播风险。本次调查为布病非免疫区疫情处置提供了参考。

In May 2023,routine monitoring for sheep brucellosis was conducted by Jiangling Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Service Center,and positive animals were detected in a Sheep Farm in Puji Township,with an individual positive rate of 10.6%(17/160)and then 96.6%(113/117)after a 34-day interval.In order to find out the causes and evaluate the possible transmission risk,an emergency epidemiological investigation was conducted through on-site investigation,data review and laboratory testing,and targeted recommendations on prevention and control were proposed subsequently.The results showed that the attack rate of the outbreak was 81.3%(130/160),and the outbreak might be caused by introduction of non-quarantined animals that carried the Brucella;the internal factors resulting in Brucella spreading might be improper disposal of dead sheep,fetal membranes and feces.The outbreak was controlled without further spreading and human infection because of scientific disposal.It was thus recommended to intensify quarantine supervision and active surveillance,strengthen publicity and education about prevention and control of brucellosis,and formulate punishment rules related to illegal vaccination to effectively reduce potential risk of brucellosis occurrence and transmission.A reference was provided for response to brucellosis outbreak in the zones without vaccination.