小亚璃眼蜱吸血前后组织形态比较观察

Comparison of the Morphology of Hyalomma Anatolicum before and after Sucking Blood

小亚璃眼蜱(Hyalomma anatolicum)是新疆南疆地区常见的寄生于家畜体表的一种外寄生虫。该蜱虫可携带和传播多种人兽共患病病原。为观察小亚璃眼蜱吸血前后的组织学变化,采用糖原PAS染色方法,将人工饲养的小亚璃眼蜱雌蜱制作为组织切片,观察其在饥饿、半饱血以及饱血状态下不同组织器官的特征。冠状面组织切片观察结果显示,饥饿雌蜱体内糖原含量较低,主要分布在中肠基底膜周围、唾液腺和卵巢组织表面,气管密度与半饱血和饱血雌蜱相比稍大;半饱血雌蜱体内糖原含量较高,主要集中在中肠、唾液腺导管和卵巢周围组织;饱血雌蜱体内糖原含量较高,主要集中在中肠和卵巢组织表面。在饥饿至饱血过程中,唾液腺细胞接触宿主血液后迅速发育,随雌蜱饱血自然脱离宿主,唾液腺逐渐溶解萎缩;中肠组织从饥饿状态下的“小而空”形态,转变成充满糖类物质的“储存池”。本试验丰富了蜱类组织器官形态学分析数据,为了解吸血期硬蜱器官的变化提供了重要参考。

Hyalomma anatolicum(H.anatolicum)is a kind of common exoparasite parasitizing on animal's body surface in Southern Xinjiang,which could carry and spread a variety of zoonotic diseases.In order to observe the histological changes of H.anatolicum before and after sucking blood,tissue slices were made of captive female ticks using glycogen PAS staining method to observe the characteristics of different tissues and organs under hungry,semi-engorged and engorged status.The results revealed that the amount of glycogen within hungry ticks was lower,mainly around midgut basement membrane as well as salivary glands and on the surface of ovarian tissues,and the trachea density was larger than that at semi-engorged and engorged status;the amount of glycogen within semi-engorged and engorged ticks was higher,the former mainly concentrated in midgut,salivary gland ducts and tissues around ovary,and the latter mainly concentrated in midgut and on the surface of ovarian tissues.During the process from hunger to engorgement,salivary gland cells grew rapidly after contacting host's blood,then left the host naturally after the ticks engorged,and the salivary gland gradually dissolved and atrophied;and the midgut tissues changed from a“small and empty”status in starvation to a“storage pool”full of glycogen.The data of morphological analysis on tick tissues and organs were enriched by the experiment,providing an important reference for identification of any changes in tick organs during sucking blood.