宗藩体制下中朝近代通商贸易转型探析

Analysis on the Transformation of Trade between China and Korean Dynasty in Modern Times under Supranational Vassal System

宗藩体制是以中国中原王朝为中心向四周辐射,以政治、经济实力为依托的东亚区域国际秩序。中朝宗藩关系堪称最典范。但在近代条约体系冲击下,清政府失去优势地位,力求通过立约巩固宗藩体制,希望保全最后的属国朝鲜,再造“天朝”荣耀;而朝鲜在开港后时常游走在“事大”与自主之间,试图改变中朝贸易旧制,试探清政府态度,求得平等地位。《中朝商民水陆贸易章程》的缔结不仅为传统中朝贸易注入与时俱进的近代化因素,也为晚清中朝宗藩关系构筑一道分水岭,两国在“西势东渐”的浪潮中越走越远。

The suzerain-vassal system was to maintain an international order in East Asia,which regarded China as center.Korea,at that time,was China's typical vassal country.However,with the modern treaty system,the Qing government lost its dominance,but hoped to maintain its relationship with Korean Dynasty,its last vassal country.Meanwhile,Korean Dynasty tried to change the old trade system,and seek equality.The conclusion of Regulations on Water and Land Trade between Chinese and Korean Merchants made China and Korea separate from each other faster in the late Qing Dynasty.