旅顺“万忠墓”研究新解二则

Two New Academic Views on the"Wanzhong Tomb"in Lyushun

在甲午中日战争期间,日军攻陷旅顺后制造了“旅顺大屠杀”惨案。1896年,时值旅顺同胞遇难两周年之际,清政府对墓地加以修葺并立碑,顾元勋书写“万忠墓”碑文,本文认为顾元勋所题墓碑之字,是由京城法源寺“哀忠墓”衍生而来;1922年旅顺华商公议会再次立碑,碑额上题刻“四明公所”四字,其真正的含义应该是“四方明白公理所在”,而非此前广为流传的“公所乃商会之意,四明特指宁波,故‘四明公所’即指宁波商会”。

During the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,the Japanese army committed the"Lyushun Massacre".In 1896,the Qing government repaired the cemetery and erected a monument.Gu Yuanxun wrote the inscription"Wanzhong Tomb".This paper believes that the inscription of Gu Yuanxun's tombstone is derived from the"Aizhong Tomb"of Fayuan Temple in Beijing.In 1922,the Lyushun Huasang Public Council once again erected a monument,inscribed on the forehead of the four words"Siming Association",its real meaning should be"Four quarters of the world know the justice",rather than the previously popular saying"Siming Association refers to Ningbo Chamber of Commerce."