弥合与发展:马克思主义意识形态对中国考古学之影响

Bridging and Development:The Influence of Marxist Ideology on Chinese Archaeology

马克思主义意识形态在考古学研究中具有重要的指导作用,但是,中国早期的考古学研究由于时代背景和研究条件受限等原因,在当时进步思潮的影响下,难以避免地产生了将国家形成理论僵硬地对应中国古代社会的现象,对于考古材料的发表也常常带有一定的意识形态倾向。通过马克思主义意识形态对考古学理论影响的回顾,可以发现在不同时代背景下指导思想的转向,即从尝试将考古材料与马克思主义理论弥合,转向基于中国考古材料发展具有本国特色的理论,体现了综合国力及文化自信对理论发展的影响,为考古学学术史及理论探索提供相应的研究视角。

Marxist ideology plays an important guiding role in archaeological research,but in early time,the theory of state formation was rigidly applied to correspond to ancient Chinese society due to limitations in historical background and research conditions,as well as the progressive trends.Therefore,the archaeological publications often carried certain ideological tendency at that time.Through a review of the influence of Marxist ideology on archaeological theory,it can be found that the guiding ideology has shifted from attempting to bridge archaeological materials with Marxist theory to developing Chinese characteristic archaeological theories,which reflects the impact of comprehensive national strength and cultural confidence on theoretical development,and provides corresponding research perspectives for the academic history and theoretical exploration of archaeology.