副词“硬是”的关联特征与情态功能

The Associative Characteristics and Modal Function of the Adverb“Yìngshì(硬是)”

语气副词“硬是”具有三个义项:“确实是”“表坚决或执拗的态度”“偏是”,基于语义表达的不同,可以将“硬是”分别归入三种语气类型:断定类、意愿类、特点类。从逻辑关联来看,副词“硬是”主要出现在转折复句中,相应地,其语义关联表现为:既有情况——坚决行动——反预期结果。在情态功能方面,“硬是”具有[反预期情态][坚决执拗态度][不满或佩服的情感倾向]特征,其所在的语用环境特征为目的性、可控性、主观性。

The modal adverb“yìngshì(硬是)”has three meanings:really,expressing a resolute or stubborn attitude,and persistently.Based on the different semantic expressions,“Yìngshì(硬是)”can be classified into three mood types:assertive,willing,and characteristic.From the perspective of logical relevance,the adverb“yìngshì(硬是)”mainly appears in the transitional complex sentences.Correspondingly,its semantic relevance is expressed as existing situation—resolute action—anticipated result.In terms of modality function,“Yìngshì(硬是)”has the characteristics of[counter-expectation modality][resolutely stubborn attitude][emotional tendency of dissatisfaction or admiration],and its pragmatic environment is characterized by purpose,controllability and subjectivity.