古人的自然认识与生态伦理思想考述

The Investigation on the Natural Understanding and Ecological Ethics of Ancient People

一直以来,人与自然的关系都是学术界的重要研究课题,在实质上是人类如何可持续地利用自然资源并且保护生态系统的合理运行。“天人合一”和“必依山川”是古人认识自然的起点,在自然法则中生活的古人不断积累、沉淀着可持续利用自然资源并且合理保护生态系统的知识,逐渐形成与自然万物同根同源、相谐互惠、共生同存的生态伦理思想。生态伦理思想是马克思主义思想体系的重要组成部分,既体现在古人“与物同体”“爱惜万物”的生态伦理思想上,也在理路上体现了自然万物“同根同源、互惠互利、共生同存”的生态哲学的深层含义,还在政治、经济、文化意义上呈现出“以古鉴今”的时代价值。

The relationship between man and nature,which has always been an important research topic in academia,has also been an essential part in making sustainable use of natural resources and protecting the ra⁃tional operation of the ecosystem.The ancients continuously accumulate the sustainable use of natural resources of“the unity of heaven and man”and“relying on mountains and rivers”and reasonably protect the knowledge of ecosystem.At the same time,they gradually form the ecological ethical thought of the same origin,harmony and reciprocity and coexistence with all things in nature.As the concept of the cognitive category of Marxist on⁃tology,ecological ethics reflects in the ecological ethics thought of the ancients,embodies the deep meaning of ecological philosophy,and presents the value of the times in the political,economic and cultural senses.