融合Altmetrics指标的领域高产学者综合影响力研究——以Nature生物科技子刊为例

Comprehensive Influence Study of Highly-productive Scholars Which Integrates Altmetrics Metrics——Take the Nature Biotechnology Sub-journal for Example

[目的/意义]评估高产学者的影响力有利于推动学者研究的积极性,也可为引进优秀人才提供参考。根据普赖斯定律确定的高产作者是一个研究领域中有影响力的骨干力量,在科研工作中发挥着关键的导向作用。但依据科研产出量这一单一指标来评判学者的影响力存在一定的局限性。合理的学者影响力评价方法在评价学者科研产出绝对数量的基础上还应考虑科研成果的质量,对学者进行包括学术水平在内多维度的综合影响力展开评价研究。[方法/过程]本文在前人的研究基础上初步遴选传统指标和Altmetrics指标,以3本Nature生物科技子刊为例,其官网为数据源采集相关指标数据。分别从高产学者的科研影响力和社会影响力两个维度构建评价指标体系,通过相关性分析等方法对指标进行筛选,接着采用因子分析、主成分分析方法分别对高产学者的科研影响力和社会影响力进行评价,并分析两个维度的相关关系,最后得到高产学者影响力的二维测度结果。[结果/结论]结果显示,大部分学者在两个维度的影响力排名差距较大,并且两个维度呈较强的正相关关系,因此本文将科研影响力即传统指标与社会影响力即Altmetrics指标二者结合进行高产学者的综合影响力评价具有合理性。同时,通过比较该领域不同发文量的高产学者综合影响力情况,发现高产学者科研成果的“高产出量”并不完全意味着“高质量”,预示学者们应摒弃唯发文量至上的观念,形成一支真正高质量的高产作者队伍,助推领域的发展。

[Purpose/Meaning]Evaluating the influence of high-yield scholars is conducive to promote the enthusiasm of scholars,and can also provide references for superiors to introduce outstanding talents.The highly-productive scholars defined by Price Law are the influential backbone in a research field and play a crucial guiding role in scientific research.However,it is limited to judge the influence of scholars according to the single index of scientific research output.In addition to evaluate the absolute quantity of scholars'scientific research output,the quality of scientific research achievements shall also be considered within a reasonable evaluation method of scholars'influence,so as to carry out a multi-dimensional evaluation research on the comprehensive influence of scholars,including academic level.[Method/Process]In this paper,the study took three Nature Biotech sub-journals as examples,and their official websites were our data sources.On the basis of previous studies,the traditional index and Altmetrics index were selected then the relevant data were collected.The evaluation index system for highly-productive scholars was constructed separately from two dimensions which are scientific influence and social influence.Firstly,the indicators were screened by correlation analysis and other methods.Then factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the scientific influence and social influence of highly-productive scholars,the correlation between the two dimensions was analyzed as well.Finally,the two-dimensional measurement results of the influence of highly-productive scholars were obtained.[Results/Conclusions]The results show that there is a large gap between the ranking of most scholars in the two influence dimensions,and the two dimensions show a strong positive correlation.Therefore,it is reasonable for this paper to combine the traditional index which illustrate scientific influence with the Altmetrics index which illustrate social influence to evaluate the comprehensive influence of highly-productive scholars.At the same time,by comparing the comprehensive influence of highly-productive scholars with different amounts of publications in this field,it is found that the“high output”of scientific research results do not completely mean“high quality”,indicating that scholars should abandon the concept of putting the number of publications first,but to form a real team of high-quality prolific scholars to boost the development of the field.