多系统基准站数据质量比较分析研究

Comparative analysis on data quality of multi-system reference stations

针对包括北斗三号卫星导航系统的多系统国家及省级基准站数据质量分析较少的问题,该文基于陕西北斗基准站多系统数据,从数据完整率、信噪比、多路径效应、卫星可见数及三维位置精度因子等指标进行对比分析和综合评估,重点对新增频率和不同系统的同频率数据对比分析。结果表明,BDS、GPS和GALILEO数据完整率接近,B1C、L1、L5、E1完整率均在99%以上,B2a略低,在97%以上,E5a最低,也均在96%以上,个别站点具有波动性。BDS卫星五个频段信噪比均在42 dB-Hz以上,同一频率BDS与GPS、GALILEO相当。BDS卫星频段中B2b多路径误差最小,高度角超过30°时,B1C与L1接近。BDS卫星可见数远大于GPS、GALILEO,BDS与GPS的PDOP值接近,表现较优。站点综合评估结果与数据质量指标反映的质量情况一致,3个站BDS的B1C小于其他系统同频率综合评价值。

In view of the problems with few studies on data quality analysis of multi-system national and provincial reference stations including Beidou-3 satellite navigation system,based on the multi-system data of the Shanxi BDS GNSS reference stations,this paper made comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation from the data integrity rate,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),multipath effect,visible number of satellites and three-dimensional position accuracy factor(PDOP),and focused on the comparative analysis of the new frequency and the same frequency data of different systems.The results showed that the data integrity rates of BDS,GPS and GALILEO were close.The integrity rates of B1C,L1,L5 and E1 were all above 99%,B2a was slightly lower,above 97%,and E5a was the lowest,also above 96%.Some sites had volatility.The SNR of the five frequency bands of BDS was above 42 dB-Hz,and at the same frequency,the SNR of BDS was equivalent to GPS and GALILEO.The multipath error of B2b in the frequency bands of BDS was the smallest,and when the elevation angle was greater than 30 degrees,B1C was close to L1.The visible number of BDS was far greater than that of GPS and GALILEO.The PDOP values of BDS was close to GPS and performs better.The comprehensive evaluation results of the stations were consistent with the quality situation reflected by the data quality indicators.The B1C of the BDS of the three stations was smaller than that of other systems at the same frequency.