舰艇长远航条件下压力蒸汽灭菌医疗物品有效期的研究

Validity period of sterilized medical supplies by autoclaving during long⁃distance navigation

目的研究在舰艇长远航中,放置在舰艇不同战位、不同存储条件下,纸塑袋和无纺布2种常用的一次性包装材料包装的灭菌医疗物品的有效期,为长远航舰艇上灭菌医疗物品的存储提供借鉴。方法通过对压力蒸汽灭菌后存放在舰艇不同战位、不同批次的无纺布和纸塑袋包装的医疗物品进行无菌检查实验,确定2种包装材料包装的灭菌医疗物品在舰艇上的有效期,并进行统计学分析。结果第150天机舱、机库里纸塑袋和无纺布包装的灭菌医疗物品开始有菌生长;第165天口腔诊室无纺布包装的灭菌医疗物品开始有菌生长;第180天医务室(接诊室)纸塑袋包装的灭菌医疗物品开始有菌生长;第180天手术间纸塑袋和无纺布包装的灭菌医疗物品均无菌生长。统计学分析显示,在相同战位,纸塑袋和无纺布包装的灭菌医疗物品存储有效期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);医务室、口腔诊室与手术间的灭菌医疗物品存储有效期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),机舱、机库与手术间的灭菌医疗物品存储有效期差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在舰艇长远航条件下,压力蒸汽灭菌后的纸塑袋和无纺布包装的医疗物品存储有效期在135 d以内为宜,2种包装材料的无菌保障有效期差异无统计学意义。

Objective To study the validity period of sterilized medical supplies packed by non‑woven fabric or disposable paper‑plastic packages and placed in different battle positions and storage conditions during long‑distance navigation.Methods After autoclaving,the non‑woven fabrics and paper‑plastic packages stored in different battle positions on ships with different batches were tested for sterility,the validity period of the two packaging methods was determined,and the data were analysed.Results On the 150th day after sterilization,bacteria began to grow on the medical supplies packed by both packages in the machine room and engine room.On the 165th day after sterilization,bacteria began to grow on the non‑woven packaging items in the dental room.On the 180th day after sterilization,bacteria began to grow on the paper plastic packaging items in the clinic(reception room).On the 180th day after sterilization,the medical supplies packed by both packages in the operation room had no bacteria growth.There was no significant difference in the validity period of sterilized medical supplies between disposable paper‑plastic and non‑woven packages in the same battle position(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the validity period of sterilized medical supplies between medical clinic,dental room,and operation room(P>0.05),but there were significant differences between machine room,engine room,and operation room(P<0.05).Conclusion The term of validity of medical supplies packaged with disposable paper‑plastic and non‑woven fabric packages sterilized by autoclaving is both within 135 days,and there is no significant difference in the validity period date between the two packaging methods.