长江口水环境评价管理问题初探

Approaches to the Management of Aquatic Environmental Assessment at the Changjiang Estuary

系统梳理了长江口生态环境存在的近岸海域富营养化、生态系统亚健康、生境破坏严重、突发环境事件风险防范与应急能力不足等主要问题,归纳了长江口水域管理现状。指出在具有鲜明河口特征的混合区,将现行《地表水环境质量标准》和《海水水质标准》用于水环境评价有一定的局限性,主要体现在水质分类、水质指标以及部分指标的分析方法不衔接等方面。对河口区域划分、指标筛选和阈值确定等方面进行了探讨,并针对长江口区域水环境评价,提出了河口分区、综合评价的思路建议。

The current management situation of the water area of Changjiang estuary was summed up through a systematical analysis on several main eco-environmental issues such as the eutrophication at its off shore area,sub-health situation of its ecosystem,serious destruction of its habitat,inadequacy in emergency response capacity to the risk and prevention of accidental environmental incidents,and etc.It has indicated that there are limitations in applying the current《Environmental quality standards for surface water》and《Seawater quality standard》to aquatic environmental assessment in a mixing zone,which possesses distinctive estuarine characteristics,reflecting at categorising water quality,choosing water quality variables whilst part of their analytical methods being inadaptable to,and etc.Zoning of an estuary,selecting of indices,identifying of threshold values,and etc.are discussed,and on account of the aquatic environmental assessment for the Changjiang estuary area,approaches to the estuarine zoning and its comprehensive assessment have been proposed as well.