“排水保土”措施在生产建设项目水土保持中的应用

Measures of "drainage and soil conservation" in soil and water conservation of production and construction projects

未来一段时期,中国开发建设强度仍将维持在较高水平,人为水土流失防治任重道远,生产建设项目水土保持理论和技术仍需不断探索和完善。“排水保土”相关研究实践还未专门在生产建设项目水土流失防治中进行试验或应用。根据“排水保土”的内涵,对照现行相关技术规范,对生产建设项目“排水保土”措施进行了界定,并厘清了相关规定。通过对18个不同类型、区域的生产建设项目水土保持设施自主验收典型案例的调查分析,系统总结了生产建设项目“排水保土”措施类型、材料、投资等情况,确认了“排水保土”措施是生产建设项目水土流失防治的重要组成部分,且占有重要比重。同时指出目前生产建设项目存在“排水保土”措施功能较为单一,“排水”和“蓄水”需求协同不足,与生态结合不足,以及缺乏基于排导土体(渣体)渗流的“排水保土”措施等不足和短板,提出了启动专门研究和呼吁同行关注等相关建议。

A period in the future,the intensity of development and construction in China will remain at a high level,and there is a long way to go to prevent and control man-made soil erosion,and the theory and technology of soil and water conservation in production and construction projects still need to be explored and improved.The"drainage and soil conservation"has not been specifically tested or applied in the erosion control of production and construction projects.According to the connotation of"drainage and soil conservation",this paper defines the"drainage and soil conservation"measures for production and construction projects and clarifies the relevant regulations in comparison with the existing technical specifications.Through the investigation and analysis of 18 typical cases of different types of water and soil conservation facilities of production construction projects in different areas,we systematically summarized the types of"drainage and soil conservation"measures,materials and investment in production and construction projects,and confirmed that"drainage and soil conservation"measures are an important part of water and soil erosion prevention and control in production construction projects and occupy an important proportion.At the same time,in view of the shortcomings and deficiencies,relevant suggestions such as strengthening specialized research and carrying out technology demonstrations were put forward.At the same time,it is pointed out that the"drainage and soil conservation"measures applied in the current production and construction projects have deficiency of single function,un-coordinated needs between"drainage"and"water storage",insufficient integration with ecology,and lack of"drainage and soil conservation"measures dependent on drainage and soil infiltration.We also make recommendations such as initiating special studies and calling for peer attention.