乌鲁木齐—昌吉—石河子城市群土地利用冲突识别研究

Research on Land Use Conflict Identification in Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi Urban Agglomeration

土地利用冲突是导致国土空间土地利用结构不断变化的直接驱动因素。对乌鲁木齐—昌吉—石河子城市群城镇空间、生态空间和农业空间的土地利用冲突进行识别研究,对其社会—经济—生态复合系统的健康可持续发展有着重要意义。本研究以典型西北干旱区绿洲城市群——新疆乌昌石城市群为研究对象,结合研究区用地空间格局演变特征,从“土地复杂性+脆弱性-稳定性”的角度出发,以景观指数为基础,构建空间冲突测度模型,对研究区2010—2020年农业空间、生态空间和城镇空间的土地利用冲突进行识别分析。研究表明:(1)2010—2020年乌昌石城市群农业空间面积占比呈现出先上升后下降的特点,生态空间所占面积最大且其变化与农业空间相反,城镇空间面积占比逐年增加;(2)2010—2020年乌昌石城市群的土地利用冲突强度显著增强,失控单元的扩张趋势明显,土地利用冲突强度从大到小依次为:农业空间,生态空间,城镇空间;(3)在这十年间,乌昌石城市群土地利用冲突的空间单元聚类性和显著性逐渐削弱。近十年,随着西部大开发的持续推进,乌昌石城市群土地利用开发强度加剧,中心城镇逐渐向边缘扩散,土地利用冲突逐渐加强,未来要重视耕地、生态用地和建设用地之间的矛盾,协调经济与生态的平衡发展。

Land use conflict is a direct driving factor that leads to continuous changes in the spatial land use structure of the national territory.The identification and research of land use conflicts in urban,ecological,and agricultural spaces of the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi urban agglomeration is of great significance for the healthy and sustainable development of its socio-economic ecological composite system.This study focuses on the typical oasis urban agglomeration in the northwest arid region of China-the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi urban agglomeration in Xinjiang.Combining the characteristics of the spatial pattern evolution of the study area,from the perspective of"land complexity+vulnerability stability",and based on landscape index,a spatial conflict measurement model is constructed to identify and analyze the land use conflicts in agricultural space,ecological space,and urban space in the study area from 2010 to 2020.Research shows that:(1)From 2010 to 2020,the proportion of agricultural spatial area in the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi Urban Agglomeration showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The ecological space occupied the largest area and its changes were opposite to agricultural space,with the proportion of urban spatial area increasing year by year;(2)From 2010 to 2020,the intensity of land use conflicts in the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi urban agglomeration significantly increased,and the expansion trend of out of control units was obvious.The intensity of land use conflicts ranked in descending order:agricultural space>ecological space>urban space;(3)Over the past decade,the spatial unit clustering and significance of land use conflicts in the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi urban agglomeration have gradually weakened.In the past decade,with the continuous promotion of the Western Development,the intensity of land use and development in the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi urban agglomeration has intensified,and central towns have gradually spread to the edge.Land use conflicts have gradually strengthened.In the future,attention should be paid to the contradiction between arable land,ecological land,and construction land,and the balance between economic and ecological development should be coordinated.