数字经济何以推动乡村生态振兴?——基于中国省级面板数据的经验证据

How can Digital Economy Promote Rural Ecological Revitalization?——Empirical Evidence Based on China's Provincial Panel Data

数字经济具有生态化的本质,是提高乡村生态演进韧性、全面推进乡村振兴的关键动力。在系统梳理数字经济对乡村生态振兴影响的直接机制、中介机制基础上,本文利用2010—2020年省级面板数据,运用固定效应模型、中介效应模型等方法,多维度实证考察了数字经济对乡村生态振兴的影响机制。研究结果表明:数字经济发展显著推动了乡村生态振兴,在运用分时间段检验、剔除特殊值方法进行稳健性检验后,该结论仍然成立。数字经济发展对乡村“三生”环境的影响大小有所差异,对乡村生活绿色宜居化的影响最大,对乡村生产绿色低碳化的影响次之,对乡村生态本底品质化的影响最小。中介效应显示,农村经济增长、绿色科技创新和环境规制都是数字经济助力生态振兴的重要机制。异质性分析表明,数字经济影响乡村生态振兴的效应大小呈现出“西部>中部>东部”态势,总体上,中西部地区数字经济的绿色赋能效应更为显著。因此,应强化农村数字基础设施建设,充分发挥数字经济在农村生态经济增长点培育、企业绿色科技创新及环境监管、宣教引导等方面的作用,因地制宜以差异化的数字化策略提升赋能乡村生态振兴的有效性。

The digital economy has an ecological nature and is a key driving force for improving the resilience of rural ecological evolution and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.On the basis of systematically sorting out the direct mechanism and mediating mechanism of the impact of digital economy on rural ecological revitalization,the article empirically investigates the impact mechanism of digital economy on rural ecological revitalization in multiple dimensions by using China's 2010-2020 provincial panel data and employing fixed-effect model and mediating-effect model.The results show that the development of digital economy significantly promotes rural ecological revitalization,and the findings still hold after robustness tests using time-phased tests,variable replacement,and exclusion of special values.The impact of digital economy development on the“three living”environments of rural areas varies in size,with the greatest impact on green livability of rural life,followed by the green and low-carbon rural production,and the least impact on the quality of rural ecological background.The mediating effect shows that rural economic growth,green technology innovation and environmental regulation are all important mechanisms for digital economy to support ecological revitalization.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect size of digital economy on rural ecological revitalization shows a trend of"west>central>east",and in general,the green empowerment effect of digital economy in central and western regions is more significant.Therefore,we should strengthen the construction of rural digital infrastructure,give full play to the role of digital economy in the cultivation of rural ecological economic growth points,enterprise green technology innovation,environmental supervision and education guidance,and enhance the effectiveness of empowering rural ecological revitalization with differentiated digital strategies according to local conditions.