甘蓝型油菜菌核病抗病性研究进展

Research progress on the resistance of Brassica napus to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

油菜是我国第一大食用植物油来源,在保障国家食用油供给安全方面起到重要作用。油菜在生长发育过程中会遭受多种病原菌的侵害,其中由核盘菌侵染引起的菌核病是最常见、危害最大、被研究最多、被研究时间最长的病害。本文结合相关研究结果,从病原菌角度阐述核盘菌的病害循环和致病机理,从植物角度对抗性种质的创制、抗性基因挖掘、抗性机理解析等方面的研究进展进行综述。介绍了新发现的SsCP1等与致病相关的分泌蛋白,通过远缘杂交聚合来源于甘蓝的抗性位点、创制抗病材料方面取得的突破,多个研究指出控制油菜开花时间与菌核病抗性的遗传位点存在共定位,揭示了油菜在受到核盘菌侵染后WRKY28-WRKY33模块精细调控抗性强度的分子机制。本文还对油菜菌核病研究方向进行了展望,重点以挖掘抗病种质为主,以期为我国油菜菌核病抗性研究提供参考。

Brassica napus(oilseed rape)is the primary source of vegetable edible oil in China,playing an im-portant role in ensuring and stabitity the safety of national edible oil supply.The growth and development of oilseed rape are frequently attacked by various pathogens,among which Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is generally considered one of the most economically damaging,widely studied and highly concerned diseases.This article refers to relevant re-search results,elaborates on the pathological cycle and pathogenic mechanism of S.sclerotiorum,summarizes the progress of resistant germplasms,defense-ralated genes and mechanisms in oilseed rape.Additionary,this review introduces the newly reporeted pathogenicity factors such as SsCP1;it contains breakthroughs in the creation of re-sistant germplasm inherited from Brassica species;multiple studies that found the co-localization of genetic loci controlling flowering time and resistance to S.sclerotiorum in oilseed rape;and the research reveals the molecular mechanism mediated by the WRKY28-WRKY33 module finely regulates defense strength of oilseed rape after being infected with S.sclerotiorum.This review also looks forward to future research on oilseed rape resistance against S.Sclerotiorum,with a focus on exploring resistant germplasm.It aims to provide a reference for the comprehensive control of S.sclerotiorum in China.