基于气体的动态化学与组装

Gas-based dynamic chemistry and assembly

探索新的组装基元,丰富分子组装策略是推动自组装化学发展的核心,为复杂纳米结构的构筑与功能材料的创制提供了持续动力.气体分子是一类结构简单的资源性化学物质,将其作为外部刺激源调控组装过程与材料性能近年来取得了很大进步.然而,能否将气体分子作为一种组装基元,参与化学组装过程、构建组装材料,我们尚缺乏足够的原理性认识.本文以本课题组的工作为主,系统介绍了广谱气体分子作为一类新型组装基元,通过形成动态气桥键参与分子组装的新原理,着重论述了动态气桥键与其他动态共价键、超分子相互作用截然不同的特性及其微小结构差异影响组装动力学的本质,并总结了气体动态化学驱动的气控组装体系形成与气筑组装材料构建.最后,本文展望了该研究领域当前所面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了未来可能的发展方向.

The exploration of new assembly units and the enrichment of molecular assembly strategies are central to the development of self-assembly chemistry,which provides a continuous impetus for the construction of complex nanostructures and creation of functional materials.Gas molecules are a class of resourceful chemicals with simple structures,and their use as external stimuli to modify assembly processes and material properties has made great progress in recent years.However,it is unknown that if gas molecules can be used as a family of assembly units to participate in self-assembly process and build up the assembly materials.Based on the work of our group,this review systematically summarizes that a new principle that broad-spectrum gases,as a new class of building blocks,involve in molecular assembly through the formation of dynamic gas-bridged bonds,and stresses on the nature of dynamic gasbridged bonds differing from other conventional dynamic covalent bonds and supramolecular interactions.We further discuss that the small structural differences of gas-bridge chemistry have key impact on assembly dynamics,and review the formation of gas-regulated molecular assembled systems and the construction of gas-linked assembly materials driven by gas dynamic chemistry.Finally,this review offers several outlooks on the current opportunities and challenges facing this research field and suggests future perspective directions.