机械平面手性轮烷研究进展

Research progress in mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes

作为一类经典的机械互锁分子,轮烷可在其骨架中不含有经典手性元素的情况下仍能表现出手性特征,也就是轮烷的机械平面手性.与传统的手性轮烷相比,机械平面手性为轮烷的手性增加了新的维度.相较于经典的手性,轮烷独特的空间结构和运动特性将会进一步丰富其手性内涵,使得其在手性传感和不对称催化等领域具有广阔的应用潜力,因此近年来机械平面手性轮烷引起了越来越多的关注.本文从机械平面手性轮烷的手性特性、制备策略和应用这三个角度出发综述了近年来机械平面手性轮烷的研究进展,并分析了当前所面临的挑战,并展望了该领域未来的发展机遇.

As a classical and fundamental type of mechanically interlocked molecules,rotaxanes can reveal unique mechanically planar chirality even in the absence of traditional chiral units in their skeleton.In comparison to traditional chiral rotaxanes,the mechanically planar chirality further contributes a new dimension of the chirality of rotaxanes.Moreover,the unique interlocked structure and controllable motion behaviors of rotaxanes will further enrich their chirality,endowing them with great potential for wide applications in diverse fields such as chiral recognition and asymmetric catalysis.Therefore,mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes have drawn great interest in recent years.In this review,the chiral features,preparation methods,and applications of mechanically planar chiral rotaxanes will be reviewed,focusing on the recent progress and further directions of this promising area.