基于柱芳烃的超分子人工光捕获系统

Supramolecular artificial light-harvesting systems based onpillar[n]arene

自然界光合作用过程包括光捕获、能量转移和光催化等重要步骤,最终将太阳能转化为化学能.进行光合作用的叶绿体则是由大量蛋白质和叶绿素等光合色素通过超分子作用组装起来的实体.受自然界启发,人们借助超分子自组装构筑了一系列高效的人工光捕获系统.柱芳烃是一类性质优良的大环主体分子,其结构稳定,不仅易于合成,且易于衍生化,具有优异的主客体性能,在超分子化学领域扮演着越来越重要的角色.近年来,超分子化学家利用基于柱芳烃的大环主客体作用构筑了各种功能化光捕获系统.本文对基于柱芳烃光捕获系统的研究进展进行了全面综述.按照能量传递的级别,概述了一次能量转移和二次连续能量转移的柱芳烃光捕获系统,以及相应的应用.最后,对柱芳烃光捕获系统未来发展所面临的机遇与挑战进行了展望.

Photosynthesis in nature involves important steps such as light harvesting,energy transfer,and photocatalysis,ultimately converting solar energy into chemical energy.The chloroplast that performs photosynthesis is an entity assembled by a large number of proteins and photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll through supramolecular interactions.Inspired by nature,researchers have constructed a series of efficient artificial lightharvesting systems by supramolecular self-assembly.Pillar[n]arenes are a class of macrocyclic host molecules with excellent properties.Their structures are stable,easy to synthesize,and easy to derive.They have excellent host-guest properties and play an increasingly important role in the field of supramolecular chemistry.Recently,supramolecular chemists have further utilized the macrocyclic host-guest interactions based on pillar[n]arenes to construct various supramolecular light-harvesting systems.In this review,the research progress of the light-harvesting system based on pillar[n]arene was summarized.According to the level of energy transfer,these pillar[n]arene-based light-harvesting systems were categorized into one-step energy transfer and two-step sequential energy transfer systems.Moreover,the corresponding applications were also described.Finally,the opportunities and challenges in the future development were also discussed.