中国共产党“共同富裕”概念的历史溯源与语义变迁——以党的历史文献为中心的文本考察

The Historical Origin and Semantic Change of the Concept of"Common Prosperity"of the Communist Party of China Centered on the Historical Documents of the Communist Party of China

“共同富裕”一词是中国共产党政治话语体系中具有关键意义的概念,是社会主义与资本主义本质区别的标识性术语。中国共产党对“共同富裕”概念进行了历时性和共时性的阐释与运用,从理论渊源来看,既是对中国传统文化中的“小康社会”“大同”理念的传承,也是对马克思主义经典著作中“共产主义”远大理想的初步实践;从发展脉络来看,经历了“平均分配”“同步富裕”“先富带后富”“小康社会”“全面建成小康社会”“共同富裕”等发展历程;从内涵嬗变来看,“物质富裕”“精神富裕”“人的全面发展”“社会全面进步”等成为不同时期凸显的概念意涵;从性质界定来看,“社会主义的本质要求”“中国特色社会主义根本原则”“中国式现代化的重要特征”等成为其概念属性的阶段定位。从概念史角度梳理“共同富裕”概念的历史生成与语义流变,呈现“共同富裕”在中国发展的历史图景,揭示中国共产党百年来对共同富裕探索和追求的奋斗轨迹,可为当下更全面地理解和诠释“共同富裕”提供历史参考。

The term"common prosperity"is a key concept in the political discourse system of the Communist Party of China and a symbolic term of the essential difference between socialism and capitalism.The Communist Party of China has made a diachronic and synchronic interpretation and application of the concept of"common prosperity".From the perspective of theoretical origin,it is not only the inheritance of the concept of"welloff society"and"Great harmony"in Chinese traditional culture,but also the preliminary practice of the lofty ideal of"communism"in Marxist classics.From the perspective of development,it has experienced the development process of"equal distribution",'synchronous prosperity","rich first and then rich","moderately prosperous society","building a moderately prosperous society in all respects"and"common prosperity".From the perspective of connotation evolution,"material prosperity","spiritual prosperity","all-round development of human being"and"all-round social progress"have become prominent concepts in different periods.From the definition of nature,"the essential requirements of socialism","the fundamental principles of socialism with Chinese characteristics",and"the important characteristics of Chinese path to modernization"have become the stage positioning of its conceptual attributes.This paper combs the historical generation and semantic evolution of the concept of"common prosperity"from the perspective of conceptual history,presents the historical picture of the development of"common prosperity"in China,reveals the struggle track of the Communist Party of China's exploration and pursuit of common prosperity for a hundred years,and provides historical reference for a more comprehensive understanding and interpretation of"common prosperity".