小鼠顶体形成相关蛋白的研究进展

Research advances in mouse sperm acrosome formation-associated proteins

顶体形成过程分为高尔基期、帽期、顶体伸长期和成熟期四个主要阶段,其正确形成对精子结构和功能具有重要影响。顶体形成需要各种细胞器(内质网和高尔基体)和细胞质结构(顶体板和精子领)之间的积极和特异性协调。本文主要对顶体形成过程中参与反式高尔基体网络囊泡分类运输、顶体附着到细胞核等过程的蛋白质的功能及调控机制进行了总结与讨论。这些蛋白质大多相互作用,表现出复杂的分子调控机制,促进了这一事件的发生。对精子顶体形成相关蛋白的功能及机制的研究将为临床男性不育症的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和对策。

Acrosome biogenesis is classically divided into four major phases:Golgi,cap,acrosome,and maturation phases.Its correct formation has a significant impact on the structure and function of sperm.The smooth run of above processes needs an active and specific coordination between the all kinds of organelles(endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi)and cytoplasmic structures(acroplaxome and manchette).In this article,we summarize and discuss the sorting and transport of vesicles involved in acrosome formation,as well as the proteins involved in anchoring the acrosome to the cell nucleus.Most of these proteins interact with each other and show complicated molecular regulatory mechanism to facilitate the occurrence of this event.The study of the functions and mechanisms of sperm acrosome formation related proteins provides new ideas and strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility in clinical practice.