运动调控肠道菌群防治神经退行性疾病的研究进展

Research progress of exercise regulating gut microbiota to modulate neurodegenerative disease

随着人口老龄化的发展,神经退行性疾病逐渐成为我国公共卫生领域的重大问题。肠道菌群的组成和丰度的改变与神经退行性疾病的发生发展密切相关,而体育锻炼被认为是肠道菌群的重要调节因素,并且不同的体育运动对肠道菌群的多样性和菌群结构均有较好的调控作用,因此运动、肠道微生物群和神经退行性疾病三者之间的动态相互作用也成为研究热点。多项研究结果均证实,运动可通过调控肠道菌群从而调节神经活性代谢物分泌、减少β淀粉样蛋白沉积、降低氧化应激水平和改善血脑屏障功能等,在神经退行性疾病防治方面发挥重要作用。本文以阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症三种神经退行性疾病为研究对象,主要阐述运动、肠道菌群和神经退行性疾病相关的研究进展,以期为运动预防神经退行性疾病提供新的思路和理论依据。

Due to the aging of population,neurodegenerative diseases have gradually become a major public health problem in China.The composition and abundance of gut microbiota are closely related to the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases,while physical exercise is considered to be an important regulatory factor of gut microbiota,and different exercises can regulate the diversity of gut microbiota and the abundance of probiotics.Therefore,the dynamic interaction among physical exercise,intestinal microbiota and neurodegenerative diseases has become a research hotspot.Many studies have also revealed that exercise plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases by regulating gut microbiota,regulating the secretion of neuroactive metabolites,reducingβ-amyloid deposition and oxidative stress,and improving the function of the blood-brain barrier.This paper focuses on three neurodegenerative diseases,Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,elaborates the research progress related to exercise,gut microbiota and neurodegenerative diseases,aiming to provide new perspective and theoretical basis for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases by exercise.