我国科学教育政策的历史演进、变迁逻辑与未来展望

The Historical Evolution,Changing Logic,and Future Prospects of China's Science Education Policy

基于历史制度主义的分析视角发现,改革开放以来我国科学教育政策经历了萌芽发展、整体推进、创新探索以及全面深化四个阶段,其背后存在复杂的变迁逻辑。在结构逻辑上,我国科学教育政策变迁受嵌入宏观情境影响;在动力逻辑上,我国科学教育政策变迁存在微观行动者之间的互动与博弈;在历史逻辑上,我国科学教育政策变迁存在关键历史节点与路径依赖现象。后续科学教育政策的完善与发展,需强化科学教育政策的统筹规划,促进政策体系与国家发展战略的嵌套衔接;构建科学教育的家校社协同联动机制,实现科学教育政策变迁的优势延续;聚焦政策变迁主体的“利益—权力—行动”关系,培育科学教育高质量发展的底部动力。

Based on the perspective of historical institutionalism,it is found that since the reform and opening up,China's science education policy has gone through four stages:embryonic development,overall promotion,innovative exploration,and comprehensive deepening,with a complex transformation logic behind it.In terms of structural logic,China's science education policy change is influenced by embedded macro-contexts;in terms of dynamics logic,the change means interactions and games between micro-actors;in terms of historical logic,there are key historical nodes and path-dependent phenomena.The improvement and development of subsequent science education policies require:strengthening the overall planning of policies,so as to promoting of nested connection between the policy system and national development strategies;building a family-school-society collaborative mechanism,so as to continue the advantages of policy change;focusing on the"interest-poweraction"relationship of the subject of policy change,so as to foster the underlying dynamics of high-quality development of science education.