DC-DC变换器拓扑族归一化分析方法

Normalization Analysis Method of DC-DC Converter Topology Family

随着风光储氢等新能源发电与电力电子技术的飞速发展,高变比、宽范围的DC-DC变换器被广泛应用,对电力电子教学中相对应部分带来很高挑战。面对种类繁多的DC-DC变换器,该文以桥式开关单元作为基本“细胞单元”,采用“细胞单元–基础拓扑结构–演化规律”的思路,利用细胞单元搭建输入与输出电压转换的桥梁,提出一种DC-DC变换器拓扑族归一化分析方法。首先提出Buck和Boost 2种桥式开关单元,并对6种非隔离型DC-DC变换器拓扑提出基于细胞单元的统一画法。提出用Buck和Boost两种单元变换去阐述其他变换器拓扑、换流方式以及电压增益的思维范式,此外2种开关单元并联可组成桥式双向单元,进而扩展为双向、交错并联、升/降压DC-DC变换器。对于隔离型DC-DC变换器,从变压器绕组与器件串联桥路的理念出发,提出4种基本开关单元,分别为绕组与(单/双)开关管/二极管串联桥路。据此给出反激、正激的构建过程,进而扩展到推挽、单有源桥式、双有源桥式及N相交错并联式DC-DC变换器。这些变换器升降压增益范围宽,串并联组合灵活,对于多类型DC-DC场合具有重要的应用价值,同时也搭建起工程应用和书本理论知识的回溯映射桥梁。

With the rapid development of windphotovoltaic-storage-hydrogen and other new energy power generation and power electronic technology,multi-type DC-DC converters with high transformation ratio and wide range are widely used,which brings a high challenge to the corresponding part in power electronics teaching.Facing with a wide variety of DC-DC converters with different styles,this paper took the bridge switching unit as the basic“cell unit”,and adopted the idea of“cell unit-basic topology-evolutionary law”,and used the cell unit to build a bridge between input and output conversion,so a normalized analysis method of DC-DC converter topology family was proposed.two basic Buck and Boost bridge switching units were proposed firstly and a unified drawing based on the cell unit was given for six non-isolated DC-DC converter topology.A thinking paradigm that used two Buck and Boost unit conversions to elaborate other converter topologies,commutation methods and voltage gains was proposed,in addition to which two switching units could be connected in parallel to form a bridge type bidirectional unit,which could then be extended to bidirectional,interleaved parallel,Boost/Buck DC-DC converters.For isolated DC-DC converters,four basic switching units are proposed from the concept of a transformer winding in series with power electronics device,namely a winding in series with a(single/double)switch(es)/diode(s).Based on the above ideas,this paper gives the construction process for flyback and forward,which is then extended to push-pull,single active bridge,dual active bridge,and N-phase interleaved parallel DC-DC converters.Since these converters have wide range of voltage gain,flexible series-parallel combinations,they are of great value for multiple types of DC-DC applications,and also build a bridge back to mapping engineering applications and theoretical knowledge from books.