Hybrid coating SnO_(2)for enhanced Li ions storage

Anode SnO_(2)in lithium-ion batteries suffers from volume expansion and agglomeration.Here,the SnO_(2)nanoparticles are hybrided with ZrO_(2)particles by the support of carbon nanotube networks.The obtained SnO_(2)/C/ZrO_(2)composite shows improved electrochemical performances.Investigations reveal that the carbon nanotubes shorten the transmission path of electrons and Li^(+) ions.Ball milling with ZrO_(2)promotes the formation of nanosized SnO_(2)to weaken the internal strain change,being beneficial to buffering volume change during electrochemical cycling afterwards.High-resolution 6.7Li NMR investigations indicate that conversion and alloying reactions are stepwise involved for SnO_(2)/C/ZrO_(2)anode.The strategy of designing SnO_(2)/C/ZrO_(2)composite from the morphology-controlled metal-organic frameworks for energy storage widens the possibility to fabricate promising materials with enhanced performances.