上海市中老年社区居民对性教育态度及相关因素分析

Attitude toward sexual health education and its correlates among community-based older adults in Shanghai

目的:了解上海市中老年社区居民对性教育的态度及其相关因素。方法:2020年6月至2022年12月,通过多阶段抽样方法,对上海市≥50岁中老年社区居民开展一项横断面调查。样本量估计数为735人。问卷包括社会人口学特征、健康特征、性教育史等相关信息。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析中老年社区居民对性教育态度的相关因素。结果:研究对象824人中,男性489人,女性335人,年龄(65.1±8.1)岁,年龄范围为60~69岁(45.3%)。49.4%的参与者支持在中老年人群中开展性教育(男性:45.2%;女性:55.5%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(a OR=0.61,95% CI:0.44~0.83)、≥70岁(a OR=0.62,95% CI:0.40~0.94)、城镇居民(a OR=2.54,95% CI:1.81~3.58)、自评健康状况为好/非常好(a OR=1.64,95% CI:1.04~2.58)、有抑郁症状(a OR=0.37,95% CI:0.15~0.85)、接受过性教育(a OR=8.64,95% CI:4.62~17.70)与其对性教育的态度有关。 结论:上海市中老年社区居民中支持性教育的比例不高。该人群对性教育的态度与自评健康状况、抑郁症状、性教育史相关,专业医疗人员或医疗机构应着重关注具有关键特征的中老年社区居民,定制化干预以期提高我国中老年居民性健康教育支持意愿,促进性教育在该人群中的普及。

Objective To understand the attitudes toward sexual health education and its correlates among community-based older adults in Shanghai,China.Methods From June 2020 to December 2022,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among community residents aged≥50 in Shanghai through multi-stage sampling.The estimated sample size was 735.The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics,health characteristics,and history of sexual health education.The multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the correlates of attitudes toward sexual health education among community-based older adults.Results A total of 824 participants(489 males and 335 females)with age of(65.1±8.1)years were included,whose main age distribution was 60-69 years(45.3%).The prevalence of supporting sexual health education among older adults was 49.4%(45.2%of men and 55.5%of women).Males(aOR=0.61,95%CI:0.44-0.83),aged 70 years and older(aOR=0.62,95%CI:0.40-0.94),urban residents(aOR=2.54,95%CI:1.81-3.58),self-reported very good or excellent health status(aOR=1.64,95%CI:1.04-2.58),having depressive symptoms(aOR=0.37,95%CI:0.15-0.85),and having a history of sexual health education(aOR=8.64,95%CI:4.62-17.70)were associated with their attitude toward sexual health education.Conclusions The proportion of community-based older adults in Shanghai who support sexual health education was not high.Their attitudes toward sexual health education were associated with their self-reported health status,depressive symptoms,and history of sex education.Health professionals and institutions should focus on community-based older adults with key characteristics and tailor interventions to promote the willingness to receive sexual health education among older adults in China and to promote the popularity of sexual health education in this population.