机器翻译译后编辑能力体系构建——基于国家标准的探讨与分析

Construction of Machine Translation Post-Editing Competence System——Exploration and Analysis Based on the National Standard

通过解读GB/T 40036—2021《翻译服务机器翻译结果的译后编辑要求》的相关内容,并基于该标准详细解构译后编辑生产前、生产中、生产后3个环节的活动要素,发现当前主流神经网络机器翻译的发展正悄然将译后编辑职业化,即译后编辑已超脱传统概念中机器翻译结果修改的单一范畴,是个体在译后编辑工作中全体活动的总和,涵盖沟通、决策、修改、服务等多项职业活动。文章结合译后编辑生产活动具体工作内容,从胜任译后编辑岗位所需具备的综合能力素养出发,构建了由态度、知识和技能3个维度组成的译后编辑能力模型,以期在译后编辑职业化范畴下重新界定译后编辑的能力要素,助力译后编辑行业的发展和人才培养。

This article interprets the relevant content of GB/T 40036—2021 Translation services—Post-editing of machine translation output—Requirements,and deconstructs the activities before,during and after post-editing based on this standard.It is found that the development of mainstream neural machine translation is quietly professionalizing post-editing,namely that post editing is no longer limited to modification of machine translation result,but rather all activities in post-editing work,covering communication,decision-making,modification,service and others.Based on the specific work content of post-editing activities and the comprehensive requirements for the post-editing position,the article constructs a post-editing competence system consisting of three dimensions:attitude,knowledge,and skills.The aim is to redefine the capabilities of post-editing in the context of its professionalization,and assist in the development and talent cultivation of the post-editing industry.