办理治安行政案件中精神障碍患者状态认定的思考

Reflections on the Determination of the Status of Patients with Mental Disorders in Handling Public Security Administrative Cases

近年来,随着信息化程度的提高,生活、工作节奏不断加快,人们长期生活在紧张状态之中,使我国精神障碍患者人数不断增长。公安机关依法承担维护社会治安行政管理的法定职责,在办理案件当事人为精神障碍患者的治安行政案件期间,既要保护案件当事人的合法权利,又要依法打击治安违法行为。因此,依法辨别行政案件当事人患有精神障碍状态,是履行法定程序、固定证据、查清事实的重要内容。治安案件办理实践中,若针对全部患有精神障碍的治安案件当事人启动精神疾病鉴定程序,虽然能够获取法定机构的鉴定意见,但势必浪费了宝贵的行政资源,降低了行政效率。针对上述矛盾和问题,为了处理好办理涉精神障碍患者行政案件中公正和效率之间的关系,对在办理治安行政案件期间精神障碍患者认定法律依据、认定范围及证明标准加以探讨。

With the improvement of information technology,the pace of life and work is accelerating,and people live in a state of tension for a long time,which makes the number of patients with mental disorders continue to grow in China.The public security organs shall bear the legal responsibility of maintaining the administrative management of social security according to law.In handling public security administrative cases in which the parties are patients with mental disorders,it is necessary to protect the legitimate rights of the parties and crack down on illegal acts of public security according to law.Therefore,in the practice of handling public security cases,identifying the mental disorder status of the parties in accordance with the law is an important part of fulfilling legal procedures,fixing evidence and finding out the facts.If the mental illness identification procedure is initiated for all parties with mental disorders,although the expert opinion of the statutory body can be obtained,it is bound to waste valuable administrative resources and reduce efficiency.In order to deal with the above contradictions and problems,this paper discusses the legal basis,scope and standard of proof for the identification of patients with mental disorders during the handling of public security administrative cases.