碳纳米管增强铜铬基复合材料的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Cu-Cr Matrix Composite

以带羧基官能团的碳纳米管和片状铜铬粉为原料,通过对片状铜铬粉表面进行亲水处理,并采用湿法分散—粉末冶金工艺制备得到了碳纳米管/铜铬复合材料,实现了碳纳米管在铜铬基体中的均匀分散.采用场发射扫描电镜观察了复合材料块体的组织形貌,并研究了碳纳米管和铬含量对复合材料力学性能和导电性能的影响.结果表明:碳纳米管的体积分数为2%,铬在合金粉中的质量分数为3%为最优体系;碳纳米管的加入使铜铬基体的屈服强度提高了约12%,抗拉强度提高了约13%,摩擦系数降低了约19%,导电率降低了约23%.

Carbon nanotube(CNT)with carboxyl functional groups and flake Cu-Cr powder were used as raw materials.The surface of flake Cu-Cr powder was treated by hydrophilic functional groups,and the CNT/Cu-Cr matrix composites were prepared by wet dispersion and powder metallurgy process,realizing the uniform dispersion of carbon nanotube in the Cu-Cr matrix.The microstructure of the composite block was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope,and the effects of CNT and Cr content on the mechanical and electrical properties of the composites were studied.The results showed that the optimal system was the composites containing CNT with a volume fraction of 2%and Cr with a mass fraction of 3%in the alloy powder(2%CNT/Cu-3Cr).In comparison with the Cu-3Cr bulk,the yield strength increased by about 12%,the tensile strength increased by about 13%,the friction coefficient decreased by about 19%and the electrical conductivity decreased by about 23%.