书证提出命令的适用逻辑与完善思路

The Logic and Improvement Ideas of Using Documentary Evidence to Propose Commands

书证提出命令是在法院认为申请人的申请符合法定条件时发出的要求被申请人提交相应书证的命令。依托武器平等原则以及诚信原则,书证提出命令具有司法适用的法理基础。然而,尽管书证提出命令在破解证据偏在,扩大当事人收集证据方面作用凸显,但司法实践中仍暴露出法官释明与职权命令混同、当事人提出书证的义务范围不明确、申请时限过窄以及被申请人救济途径匮乏等困境。基于此,当前应对法官依职权启动书证提出命令进行限制性适用,同时明确申请人的申请义务范围,并对申请人提出命令期限进行后向宽缓,以及强化对书证持有人的权益保障。

Documentary evidence to propose commands is an order issued by the court when it considers that the applicant's application meets the statutory conditions,requiring the respondent to submit the corresponding documentary evidence.Relying on the Right to a fair trial and the principle of good faith,the documentary order has the legal basis of judicial application.However,despite the prominent role of issuing orders for documentary evidence in cracking evidence and expanding the collection of evidence by parties,judicial practice still exposes difficulties such as confusion between judge interpretation and authority orders,unclear scope of obligations for parties to submit documentary evidence,narrow application time limit,and lack of relief channels for the respondent.Based on this,the current restrictive application should be implemented for judges to initiate orders for documentary evidence based on their authority.At the same time,the scope of the applicant's application obligations should be clarified,the deadline for the applicant to submit orders should be extended backwards,as well as the protection of the rights and interests of documentary evidence holders should be strengthened.