成都市太阳辐射时间变化特征及对气候因子的影响

Temporal Variation of Solar Radiation in Chengdu and Its Influence on Climate Factors

基于成都市1991—2020年太阳总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射、气温、蒸发、日照时数等气象资料,采用线性趋势、Mann-KendaⅡ等方法研究太阳辐射的年、月、日变化特征,以及太阳总辐射的变化对气温、蒸发等气候因子的影响。结果表明:太阳总辐射、直接辐射均是逐年明显增多趋势,线性倾向率分别为29.69、20.25 MJ/(m^(2)·a);太阳总辐射2010年出现突变,突变后较突变前年平均太阳总辐射增多497.22 MJ/m^(2)。散射系数呈逐年减小趋势,线性倾向率为0.06/a。太阳总辐射与最高气温、蒸发、日照时数呈正相关,均通过显著性检验。太阳总辐射每增加10 MJ/(m^(2)·a),年平均最高气温增加0.012℃,年日照时数增加1.7 h,年蒸发量增大1.2 mm。云量的减少是太阳辐射增加的主要原因。

Based on the meteorological data of total solar radiation,direct radiation,thermal radiation,temperature,evaporation and sunshine hours in Chengdu from 1991 to 2020,the annual,monthly and daily variation characteristics of solar radiation were examined as well as its influences on temperature,evaporation and other climatic factors by using the methods of linear trend and Mann-Kendall test.The results showed that the total solar radiation and direct radiation presented an increasingly growing trend were 29.69 MJ/(m^(2)·a)and 20.25 MJ/(m^(2)·a),respectively.Secondly,abrupt change of total radiation occurred in 2010,after which the average total solar radiation increased by 497.22 MJ/m^(2) compared with the year previous to the mutation.Moreover,the scattering coefficient showed a decreasing trend with 0.06/a.And the total solar radiation was positively significantly correlated with the highest temperature,evaporation and sunshine hours.For every 10 MJ/(m^(2)·a)increase in total solar radiation,the annual maximum temperature would increase by 0.012℃,the annual sunshine duration would increase 1.7 hours and the evaporation amount would increase 1.2 mm.In terms of the factors contributing to the increase of solar radiation,the decrease of cloud amount played a major role.