汪德迈汉字思想述论:一个跨文化思辨的案例

Discussion of Léon Vandermeersch's View of Chinese Characters:A Case of Trans-cultural Speculation

法国汉学家汪德迈的汉字思想突破了比较文字学“表意/记音”的二分框架以及普通文字学“文字记录口语”的定见,化用法国语言学家安德烈·马蒂内的“双层链接”概念,将汉字界定为书写的语言而非对口语的书写,并通过关联上古中国的占卜实践、建构“文言”传统的发展史,确证自己的汉字观。他的跨文化思辨策略体现了其发掘中国文明“相异性”的中国学研究立场,试图促进法国汉学界对中国文明独特性的反思。

The French sinologist Léon Vandermeersch's view of Chinese characters broke through comparative grammatology's dichotomous framework of“ideography/alphabetism”,and general grammatology's idea that writing registers the spoken language.Vandermeersch defined Chinese characters as a language of writing rather than writing of spoken language,using French linguist AndréMartinet's concept of double articulation.He also confirmed his perception of Chinese characters by relating them to the practice of divination in ancient China and by summarizing the development history of tradition of wenyan.His trans-cultural speculative strategy represents his research stance of delving into the alterity of Chinese civilization,and seeks to encourage the reflection of the French sinological community on the uniqueness of Chinese civilization.