行状进入碑志的方式及其影响因素略论———以宋代为中心的考察

A Brief Discussion on the Ways and Influencing Factors of Posthumous Biographies Entering Tablet Inscription:A Study Focued on the Song Dynasty

行状为碑志写作提供素材,乃学界之共识,但行状如何进入碑志,或曰碑志怎样从行状撷取材料,更深入的论述还不多见。行状进入碑志的方式多种多样,其中吸收是最主要的方式,可分为整体吸收与部分吸收,部分吸收又可细分为缩略、扩展、倒序等类型。此外,还有接续、补充、舍弃、代替等方式。行状在进入碑志时,政治变动,当事人的存在,撰者的身份、价值观念、行文风格、与墓主及其亲属的私人交情,文体内在的规定性,行文自身的逻辑等都是重要影响因素。行状与碑志之间的互文关系,对于文体生成、历史人物形象建构、史料的流传与利用、异文校勘等的研究都有重要价值。

It is a consensus in the academic circles that the posthumous biographies can provide materials for the tablet inscription,but there are few profound discussions on how the posthumous biographies enter the tablet inscription,or how the tablet inscription extract materials from the posthumous biographies.Among them,absorption is the major way,which can be divided into overall absorption and partial absorption,and partial absorption can be subdivided into abbreviations,extensions,flashbacks,and other types.In addition,there are also other ways such as successions,additions,discards,substitutions and so on.Important influencing factors when the posthumous biographies are incorporated into the monuments include political changes,the presence of the person concerned,the identity of the author,his values,his style of writing,his personal friendship with the tomb owner and his relatives,the inherent regularity and the logic of the genre itself.The intertextual relationship between the posthumous biographies and the tablet inscription is of great value for the study of genre generation,the shaping of historical figures,the circulation and utilization of historical materials,and the proofreading of different texts.