基于SBE-Matlab法的合肥市大蜀山国家森林公园绿地结构质量评价

Quality Evaluation of Green Space Structureof Dashushan National Forest Park in Hefei City Based on SBE-MATLAB Method

以合肥市大蜀山国家森林公园为研究对象,选取三种典型绿地,包括一般绿地,滨水景观绿地,建筑、小品及道路等人造硬质景观绿地,拍摄搜集三类绿地实地照片,采用SBE法对其进行评价打分,并利用Matlab软件中“多元数量化模型”功能构建合肥市大蜀山国家森林公园三类绿地相应的景观结构质量模型,为后期公园景观优化提出参考性建议。结果显示:一般绿地中,色彩数量对森林公园一般性绿地景观美景度的贡献最大,达28.5%,其他景观要素的贡献率排序为景观自然度>绿视率>郁闭度>树群轮廓线>树种组成数;滨水景观绿地中,总体协调性对景观美景度的贡献最大,达25.5%,其他景观要素的贡献率排序为植被覆盖率>景观自然程度>层片结构>树木栽植方式>驳岸类型>水的类型;人造硬质景观周边绿地中,景观自然程度对公园硬质景观周围绿地景观美景度的贡献最大,达24.6%,其他景观要素的贡献率排序为树木栽植方式>生活型构成>人工景观风貌>空间结构。基于三类绿地景观美景度模型分析结果,建议后期公园景观优化应注重增加植物色彩数量,营造不同色系植物水平和垂直结构组合的自然式群落结构,注重协调植物和水域空间的比例关系,利用不同生活型植物的组合搭配,构建适宜开展林下活动的绿色开放空间,以满足休闲游憩的需求。

Taking Dashushan National Forest Park of Hefei City as the research object,three typical green spaces were selected,including general green space,waterfront landscape green space,and man-made hard landscape green space such as buildings,sketches and roads,and field photos of three kinds of green spaces were collected.SBE(Structure Based Evaluation)landscape evaluation method was used to evaluate and score it,and the"multivariate quantitative model"function in Matlab sofware was used to build the corresponding landscape structure quality model of the three types of green spaces in Hefei Dashushan National Forest Park,so as to provide reference suggestions for the park landscape optimization in the later stage.Results show:In the general green space,the contribution of color quantity to the beauty degree of the general green space in forest park was the largest,reaching 28.5%,and the contribution rate of other landscape elements was ranked as follows:Landscape naturalness>green visibility>canopy density>tree profle>tree species composition number.In the waterfront landscape green space,the overall coordination contributed the most to the landscape beauty,reaching 25.5%.The contribution rate of other landscape elements was ranked as follows:vegetation coverage rate>landscape nature degree>laminate structure>tree planting method>revegetating type>water type.Among the greenspacesurrounding the artifcialhard landscape,the natural degree ofthelandscape has the largest contributionto the beauty degree of the green space around the artificial hard landscape,reaching 24.6%.The contribution rate of other landscape elements is ranked as follows:tree planting method>composition of life type>artificial landscape style>spatial structure.Based on the analysis results of the three types of green landscape beauty models,it is suggested that the park landscape optimization in the later stage should pay attention to increasing the number of plant colors,creating a natural community structure with the combination of horizontal and vertical structures of different color plants,paying attention to coordinating the proportional relationship between plants and water space,and using the combination and collocation of diferent life typesof plants.Toconstruct green open space suitable for carrying out activities in the forest to meet the needs of leisure and recreation.