冷冻超微粉碎对油莎豆粉品质特性的影响研究

Effect of Freezing-Superfine Grinding on The Quality Properties of Cyperus esculentus Powder

目的:研究冷冻超微粉碎对油莎豆粉品质特性(物化性质、抗氧化能力)的影响。方法:以常温机械粉碎和常温超微粉碎的油莎豆粉为对照,研究冷冻超微粉碎对油莎豆粉的物化性质(持油性、溶解性、持水性、溶胀性、休止角、滑角)、营养成分(水、蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、淀粉、膳食纤维、多糖)和抗氧化能力(还原能力、DPPH·清除率、·OH清除率)的影响。结果:冷冻超微粉碎后油莎豆粉的D50为37.84μm,持油性、溶解性、持水性和溶胀性分别为1.98 g/g、1.50 g/g、2.62 mL/g、25.26%,休止角和滑角分别为53.69o、72.56o,水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、淀粉、膳食纤维和多糖含量分别为6.58%、6.55%、23.12%、2.32%、25.46%、21.12%、16.45%,总还原能力、DPPH·清除率、·OH清除率分别为0.68、78.36%、82.56%。与常温机械粉碎和常温超微粉碎的油莎豆粉相比,冷冻超微粉碎可改变油莎豆粉的理化特性、营养成分,提高抗氧化功能,防止粉碎过程中对油莎豆粉营养成分的破坏。结论:研究工作为油莎豆粉的深加工提供一种新方法。

【Objective】To study the effect of freezing-superfine grinding on the quality properties of Cyperus esculentu powder includ⁃ing physicochemical properties and anti-oxidation ability.【Method】Compared with the normal temperature mechanical grinding and the normal temperature ultrafine grinding,effects of freezing-superfine grinding on the physicochemical properties(oil-holding,solubility,water-holding,swelling,angle of repose,angle of slide),nutritional components(water,protein,fat,ash,starch,dietary fiber,polysac⁃charide)and antioxidant capacity(reducing capacity,DPPH·scavenging rate,·OH scavenging rate)of the powder were studied.【Result】The D50 of the freezing-superfine grinding powder is 37.84μm.The capacity of oil holding,solubility,water holding and swelling were 1.98 g/g,1.50 g/g,2.62 mL/g and 25.26%respectively.angle of repose,angle of slide were 53.69o and 72.56o respectively.Content of water,protein,fat,ash,starch,dietary fiber,polysaccharide were 6.58%,6.55%,23.12%,2.32%,25.46%,21.12%and 16.45%respectively.Compared with the normal temperature mechanical grinding and the normal temperature ultrafine grinding,freezing ultrafine grinding can change the physical and chemical properties,nutritional components and improve the anti-oxidation function of the powder,and prevent the destruction of the nutritional composition of the powder during the crushing process.【Conclusion】It provides a new method for the further processing of the powder of Cyperus esculentu.