2018—2022年天津市河东区手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on Epidemic Surveillance of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in He⁃dong District of Tianjin in 2018—2022

目的分析2018—2022年天津市河东区手足口病流行特征和病原学特点,为制定手足口病防控措施提供新参考。方法对2018—2022年天津市河东区手足口病发病率、发病时间特征、发病人群性别特征、年龄特征、职业特征等进行统计分析,并与2008—2017年的整体数据进行对比。结果2018—2022年天津市河东区手足口病共发病1744例,年平均发病率为34.42/10万,5年间的发病率快速下降。其中2020和2022年的发病率极低,分别为3.80/10万和2.33/10万;夏秋两季为手足口病发病高峰,发病人数1444例,占总发病人数的92.20%;5—8月发病总人数1008例,占了总发病人数57.80%;发病人群男性多于女性;病例主要集中于0~6周岁儿童,占总发病人数的72.65%;发病人群职业主要是散居儿童、托幼儿童和学生,7岁及以上学生所占比例有一定升高。实验室检测显示,感染病原体主要为柯萨奇A组6型病毒。结论2018—2022年天津市河东区手足口病流行特征与2008—2017年相比,在发病率、发病时间、年龄及职业特征等方面已经出现了一定的变化。EV 71已经不是本区域主要致病病毒。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Hedong District,Tianjin from 2018 to 2022,and provide new references for formulating prevention and control measures for hand,foot,and mouth disease.Methods The incidence rate,time characteristics,gender characteristics,age characteristics,and occupational characteristics of HFMD in Hedong District,Tianjin from 2018 to 2022 were statistically analyzed,and compared with the overall data from 2008 to 2017.Results From 2018 to 2022,there were 1744 cases of HFMD in Hedong District,Tianjin,with an annual average incidence rate of 34.42/100000,and the incidence rate of HFMD in five years decreased rapidly.Among them,the incidence rate in 2020 and 2022 is extremely low,3.80/100000 and 2.33/100000 respectively;Summer and autumn are the peak seasons for the incidence of hand,foot,and mouth disease,with 1444 cases,accounting for 92.20%of the total number of cases;The total number of cases from May to August was 1008,accounting for 57.80%of the total number of cases;The incidence population is more male than female;The cases are mainly concentrated in children aged 0-6,accounting for 72.65%of the total number of cases;The main occupational groups of the affected population are scattered chil-dren,preschool children,and students,with a certain increase in the proportion of students aged 7 and above.Laboratory testing shows that the main pathogen of infection is the Coxsackie A group 6 virus.Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in He-dong District of Tianjin from 2018 to 2022 have changed to some extent in terms of incidence rate,onset time,age and occupational char-acteristics compared with 2008 to 2017.EV 71 hand is no longer the main pathogenic virus in this region.