Nafion膜高温改性研究进展

Research progress on high-temperature modification of Nafion membrane

Nafion膜作为商业化应用最成熟的膜材料在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)中得到广泛应用.特殊的大分子结构使Nafion膜在中低温条件下具有优异的综合性能.然而当燃料电池工作温度升高到100℃以上时,由于蒸发失水Nafion膜的质子电导率会出现迅速衰减,同时失水造成的膜体积变化对其机械稳定性也造成不良影响;另一方面,燃料电池工作温度的提升不仅能够改善电极相关反应的动力学,还可以有效提升催化剂对于一氧化碳、硫化氢等杂质气体的抗毒化能力.因此,Nafion膜在高温、低湿条件下综合性能的改善将进一步促进PEMFC技术的高温实用化进程.本文针对近些年Nafion膜高温改性研究相关工作,重点从改性材料以及改性修饰策略两方面进行了梳理和总结.

Nafion membrane is the most mature commercial membrane material used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)due to its excellent comprehensive performance under low and medium temperature conditions.However,when the operating temperature of the fuel cell exceeds 1oo C,the proton conductivity of Nafion membrane rapidly decreases due to evaporation of water loss,and the volume change caused by water loss also adversely affects its mechanical stability.On the other hand,the increase in operating temperature of the fuel cell can not only improve the kinetics of electrode-related reactions,but also effectively enhance the catalytic resistance to side-product gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide.Therefore,the improvement of the comprehensive performance of Nafion membrane under high-temperature and low-humidity conditions will further promote the high-temperature practical application process of PEMFC technology.In this article,the relevant research on high-temperature modification of Nafion membrane in recent years is summarized and analyzed,focusing on modification materials and modification strategies.